直線制 zhixianzhishiyizhongzuizaoyeshizuijiandandezuzhixingshi。tadetedianshiqiyegejixingzhengdanweicongshangdaoxiashixingchuizhilingdao，xiashubumenzhijieshouyigeshangjidezhiling，gejizhuguanfuzerenduisuoshudanweideyiqiewentifuze。changbubulingshezhinengjigou(keshezhinengrenyuanxiezhuzhuguanrengongzuo)，yiqieguanlizhinengjibenshangdouyouxingzhengzhuguanzijizhixing。zhixianzhizuzhijiegoudeyoudianshi：jiegoubijiaojiandan，zerenfenming，minglingtongyi。quedianshi：tayaoqiuxingzhengfuzerentongxiaoduozhongzhishihejineng，qinzichuligezhongyewu。zhezaiyewubijiaofuza、qiyeguimobijiaodadeqingkuangxia，basuoyouguanlizhinengdoujizhongdaozuigaozhuguanyirenshenshang，xianranshinanyishengrende。yinci，zhixianzhizhishiyongyuguimojiaoxiao，shengchanjishubijiaojiandandeqiye，duishengchanjishuhejingyingguanlibijiaofuzadeqiyebingbushiyi。
職能制 zhinengzhizuzhijiegou，shigejixingzhengdanweichuzhuguanfuzerenwai，huanxiangyingdisheliyixiezhinengjigou。ruzaichangchangxiamianshelizhinengjigouherenyuan，xiezhuchangchangcongshizhinengguanligongzuo。zhezhongjiegouyaoqiuxingzhengzhuguanbaxiangyingdeguanlizhizehequanlijiaogeixiangguandezhinengjigou，gezhinengjigoujiuyouquanzaizijiyewufanweineixiangxiajixingzhengdanweifahaoshiling。yinci，xiajixingzhengfuzerenchulejieshoushangjixingzhengzhuguanrenzhihuiwai，huanbixujieshoushangjigezhinengjigoudelingdao。